Duplicating machine



` Oct 30, 1945- c. BRADT v 2,387,739

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 17, v1942` s sheets-sheet 2' ATTORNY ct. 30,1945. c. H. BRADT V l 2,387,739

DUPLIGATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 17, 1942 3 sheets-sheet s lab 7.9

ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 30, 1945 UNITED STATE s PATENT oFF-1I CE -DUPLICATING MACHINE -Charlesll Bradt, Groton, N. Y., Lassignor to L. C. Smith j& Corona Typewriters, Inc., Syracuse, 'N. Y.,` a` corporation of New York Application December 17, 1942, Serial No. 469,337

(Cl. lOl- 132) .12 Claims.

The invention -relates to improvements -in -du- `pli'cating machines, and more particularly to lthat-type of such-machines employed-for making copies -by -the liquid orspirit process of hecto- `graphic copying. f

The principal objects-of `the-invention are to provide in a duplicator of the liquid process-type `simple `and efficient means -for --supporting a master and a master blocking-out element during-copying operations and-effecting relative adjustments therebetween at-will--for-taking copies ffrom the entire master or from diiferent selected `portions of the master; to--provide` in such a du- -plicator means for readily-adjusting a block-out sheetor web relatively to a--master mounted in the duplicator and holding Isaid-block-'out sheet or `web in the lselected adjusted-position thereof; to-provide in such a-V duplicator means for adjust- `-in'g-independently-a master and a block-out sheet orLelementfor-the-master; 'to provide in such a `duplicator -eflicient meanswhereby a long web `of block-out paper orthe like-may be-mounted v`inrthe duplicator and used-as desired, and wherebyV successive portions 'of the web may betorn orcutoff-.when 'necessary-by reason-of -wear or .f.otherw.ise; toprovde for attainment of the-above 4ends in a liquid-process duplicator of the type in @which the master kand blocking-out element vare `carried by atrotary drum; and to provide means .whereby-the selectedeXposed-area ofthe master :mayy be -contacted .with aselected area ofeither along ,or a short copy fsheet.

. Other objects and advantages of the invention l-will appearvfrom the following detaileddescrip- `.tion ofthe several embodiments-ofthe invention shown in .the accompanying drawings.

\ 'In the wdrawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of :one form of duplicating machine embodying the inventionythe machine being shown as `viewed :fromits rightfhand side.

Figurelz is afragmentary -vertical longitudinal :sectional View takenmedially of said -machine iFigure-3 is a detail view partly in section on -lthe -line- 3 3- ofFigure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail View showing in perspective parts ofthe driving-means forr one of the master clamping andadjusting rolls of the machine.

^l'gures 5 and6 are fragmentary sectional views 4respectively taken approximately on; the lines -f---an'df--S of -Figure 2, certain of thejparts 'being-broken away.

-fFigure7 is a fragmentary face view of the master block-ing out sheetor web.

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic `View showing la master sheet and a blocking out -sheet or web held to the drum of the machine shown in A-liiguresl to 6.. Y

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectionalview taken approximately on the line 9-9 of Figure `11,with

certain parts broken away, and showing amodied construction.

Fig-ure lOis -a view similarto Figure 9 with certainparts omitted and `showing more clearly .master sheet and a spool of blockingout web material held tothe drum of thefmodiedmachine shown in Figures 9 to 1l.

VFigure 13.is a transverse sectional view-taken substantiallymedially of .the ends of a drum `which may be substituted for either of those disclosed in the preceding fviews.

`Figure 14 isa sectional View taken approxi- `mately on the lines l4-l4 of Figure "13.

Figure15 is a View similar to Figure- 13 showing nanother modification of the-invention.

:The embodiment ofthe `.inventionshown in ,Figures 1 to lwwill rstnbedescribed. Themaster and master blocking-outelement carrier com'- -prisesa hollow vdrum Informed-fof metal-or other suitably rigid material and fixed on an axial shaftlL Shaftill is rotative in. bearing sleeves l2 .seated at :thelower ends of Vertical slots I3 formed in sidewalls Na and Mb which are partsof the stationary framework |14 ofthe machine. Drum l0 is removablytheld inthe -machineframenby` twoblocks l5 which are chan- -neled along their Vertical-side .edges at-Iato embrace said side `walls along the edges of said slots i3` and are clampedto said walls by set screws i6 threaded in the blocks and bearing against the. sidewalls. The .blocks `IEare seated attheir loweriends in channels Il-formed infand extending across thebearing sleeves:` I2 at the-'tops ofthe. sleeves, thereby holding said sleeves against rotation.

The drum lis provided-with agap or" slot i8 'in its cylindrical wall, which gapextends longitudinally of the ,drum and parallel-.to the drum axis. In taking copies,Y the `drum IIltis-rotated 'counterclockwise as viewed-in Figures lA and 2 `by any suitable hand ior power driving-means, such,

for example, as shown in United States patent to Flanigan, No. 2,185,188, January 2, 1940. The trailing longitudinal side edge wall of slot I8 preferably makes an obtuse angle with a tangent touching the drum periphery at said wall, and said edge wall preferably lies in a plane which is tangent to the peripheries of rolls I9 and 29 (hereinafter described) at the bight of this pair of rolls, as shown.

Mounted within drum I9, substantially opposite said gap I8 and close to the cylindrical path of the cylindrical drum wall, are a pair of master clamping and adjusting or feeding rolls Iii-26 and a pair of blocking-out element clamping and adjusting or feeding rolls 2I-22. The two pairs of rolls extend longitudinally of the drum parallel to the drum axis, and the bights of both pairs of rolls are opposite and close to gap I8 in the drum. These rolls may be formed of any suitable material, such as metal, and may be knurled or be lfaeed with rubber, if desired.

R011 I9 is rotative about an axis xed relatively to the drum, and roll 28 is spring-urged to roll I3. Roll 2| is rotative about an axis xed relatively to the drum, and roll 22 is spring-urged to roll 2|. At one end thereof, roll I9 is journaled on a pivot screw 23 threaded through an end portion ofthe drum, and roll 2| is similarly journaled at one end thereof on a pivot screw 24 threaded through an end portion of the drum. Rolls I9 and 2| are rotatively supported at their other ends by shouldered shafts 25 and 26, respectively. Each lshaft 25 and 26 is rotatively journaled in an end portion of the drum. Shaft 25 has a finger wheel 21 detaohably fixed thereon exteriorly of the drum, and shaft 26 has a finger wheel 88 similarly xed thereon exteriorly of the drum, said fingerwheels being located at opposite ends of the drum. Each shaft has a reduced inner end portion of square cross-section releasably engaged in a socket of similar cross-section in the adjacent end of the roll supported thereby to afford a supporting and driving connection 6 between 'each shaft and the corresponding roll.

' For each of the rolls 2!) and 22 there is provided a pair of supporting arms (arms 28 for roll 20, and arms 29 for roll 22), each arrn formed with a hub. Shouldered pivot screws 9 extend through the hubs of arms 28, and similar pivot screws 8 extend through the hubs of arms 29,

.said screws being threaded in Vend portions of the drum and extending parallel to the drum axis. The rolls I9 and 2| are intermediate the -rolls 28 and 22, and each arm 28 is connected to the arm 29 adjacent the same end of the drum by one of two contractile coiled springs 1 to urge roll 20 to roll I9 and roll 22 to roll 2|.

A platen or counterpressure roll 38 is suitably journaled on the framework of the machine below the drum for coaction with drum I8 to feed a moistened copy sheet rearwardly between the platen and drum in pressure contact with a master carried by the drum for taking copies from the master. The mounting of the platen is preferably that disclosed in said Flanigan patent.

While various means may be provided for delivering the copy sheets one at a time rearward into the bight of the drum and platen, the means shown (which is substantially like that of said Flanigan patent, except as hereinafter pointed out) is preferred. Said means will now be briefly described, and reference may be had to said patent for a more detailed disclosure of said means.

Clear copy sheets are fed into the machine vFlaniganV patent.

from a feed table 3| fixed onthe framework I4. Such sheets are introduced one at a time between a pair of introductory feed rolls 32-33 against sheet stop means 34 while roll 32 is lifted away from roll 33 and the sheet stop means 34 is in stopping position, i. e. while the parts are positioned as shown in Figures 1 and 2. V7Preferably al plurality of the stops 34` is provided as in said Rolls 32--33 have registering annular grooves 32a-33a to receive the forward end of each such stop 34. A supply of hectograph ink solvent is maintained by suitable means in a .trough 35 mounted in the framework. A roll 38 turning in said trough contacts a roll 31 which receives solvent from roll 36 and applies solvent to the upper'face of a copy sheetV as the latter is fed between roll 31 and an underlying counterpressure roll 38, said rolls being suitably journaled in the framework. A spring 39 normally pivotally urges the stop device 34 to sheet stopping position about a rock shaft 4I) which is journalecl in the Walls |4"--|4b and forms part of a, rocking frame 40-41. Roll 32 is journaled in a rocking frame 4I journaled in walls I4-I 4b, and a spring 42 acts on said frame to normally press roll 32 down toward roll 33. A lever 43, fulcrumed on the framework at 44, has one arm thereof engaged under a tappet 45 on frame 4| and under a tappet 46 on the rocking framev 48-41 to cause movement of sheet stop 34 out of stopping position and `simultaneous lowering of roll 32 into contact with roll 33 once during each revolution of the drum IIJ. The other arm of'lever 43 has thereon a cam follower 48 engaged under the periphery of a rotative cam disk 49 normally held to the drum shaft II to rotate with the drum.

Preferably, the timing cam disk 49 is rotatively adjustable through a complete circle relatively to the drum by means similar to that shown in my application for United States patent Serial No. 435,383, filed March 19, 1942. This means comprises a collar 50 fixed on drum shaft II and against which the cam disk and the inner end of the hub 5| thereof are clamped by means of a nut 52. Nut 52 is threaded on a reduced end portion of the shaft II and presses against the outer end of hub 5I a resilient metal disk 53 which is pinned to shaft II. When the nut is loosened, the cam and its hub can be rotated relatively to the drum IIJ and shaft I I and disk 53 through ra complete revolution. By tightening the nut, the cam is held to rotate in unison with the drum. An annular row of graduations 54 is provided on the outer face of the cam hub 5| and a coactive graduation 55 is provided on the outer face of disk 53 to facilitate setting of the timing cam.

Suitable driving gearing (not shown), arranged as in the Flanigan patent above referred to, positively rotates the drum in the direction indicated by arrows on the drawings in taking copies, and positively drives rolls 33, 38 and 38 clockwise as viewed in Figure 2 during rotation of the drum.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures l to 8, and described above, one end or edge of the flexible hectographic master sheet or web 56 is inserted into the drum I0 through gap I3 and between the rolls I9 and 28, and the remainder of the master sheet, or so much thereof as is desired and determined by feeding of the sheet into the drum by said rolls, is left outside of the drum to trail partly or entirely aroundthe drum behind said gap for backing ofsaid remainder of the master by the periphery of the copyable "portion i of the master. "Width "of `niat'r"sii` `e`'etr mek'ng'ontsmet,"efbbtmtVi'DHin the limit'of the length'f the ga'p I 8 rmay be' employed "I By using one onmo'ie blocking ots'hets i `narrow"than the'rnastrshet, diffrent vvidthvis'eportinsor columns' ofthe' master may bejblockd out.

A In the fbodiirient "of the' invention 's'hotvn in riresl 9'to 12, the d'uin'l`andparts"theren piividd to b'e "substituted for fthe drum` l!! Lin the nhachifre above described. The drum 10a has a` gap I8a responding'togap"l-Bfofdrm I0 and has mounted therein a pair i master clampingV and feeding rolls |19a and 2 8a 'corresponding to `rollsI9-L 2li lil. Thenountingsof rolls jand 2Q? saine as those f olls'l9-20 kin-drum It, roll 19a having connected-thereto a finger Wheel 21acorresponding to nger Wheel 2l. Qontractile coil s'rirings 'lBv urge roll 20a` to ro 1l |9?. Drum ma diifers'ifromdrum ID in that there isrsubstituted ffor the pair. ofdblocking out sheet `clamping and feed rollsg2l 22a spindle u5,9 for a rol1 offblocking out `material lihand` an idlerguide roll B Qufor the web of vmaterialrolled -onathe spindle. *Theguide' roll '60 isjournaled AWithin the Adrum at the opposite side of roll I!!a j fromfroll a, being journaled onpivot screwsjtl athreaded inthe drum. Said roll `60 and spindle gap |82. Spindle 59 is journaled at one end on a `pivot screw-63 threaded through an endl portion web of blocking out-material 66 to the-spindle. 60

The materialis trained `from "the spindle `over `idler roll=6|l,` and thence throughI gap I8*1 andover the master sheetA 56a for blocking outpurposes. 'Byconverse rotations of Vthe spindle, the Web 66 -may 'be rolled upon and 'unwoundf from `the spindle 1-lnthev third lembodiment of the invention, Ashowninf'Figures 13 and 14, 'thedrum 10b and mparts thereon `are provided for `substitution vfor drum IU nfthe'm'achine shown in Figures 1 to' fearidls. rDrum lubisfprovided with an idler guide roll illlb and spindle 59h, constructed and mounted '5S-extend longitudinally of the drum opposite "lip for engagingfoverthe leading end of a master sheet'to clamp'the master sheet to the drur'n` jA jbar `I9 is countersunk in the drum Yand underlies 4livpsi'sa-ofau margins-s1. r.1.1. coiled expansion spring "TU surrounds' each pin `between bar 4t8 Vand a suitable abutment 16 on the pin to urge lip 69 'to clamping position. The entire rovvof pins is movable outwardlyto 'release the master by means 'of a rod fl Icarried byrockarms 12 fixed on a rock shaft "I3` journaledfin end portions of the drum. "An operating handle "Misfixed on one end of shaft T3 externally of thedrum. A"return stop `pin`5 on the drum limits returnin'ovement of "handle `li'. Partsf'l I to'HlV are returned by torsion springs'l'! engaged vviththe arms 12 and the'drum.

-Any other suitable'` means for releasably' holding a master by its leading end to the drummay'b'e substituted for thatrabove described.

f In the fourth embodiment 'of the invention shown in Figure 15, the 'drum lllc and parts thereon are provided for siibstitution for drum l0' in the machine shown inFigures 1` to' 8. Drum' Il]c ter sheet, but 4is provided with a pair offblockin'g 2|-'22 in drum l0. Said rolls are 'mountedvpposite a gap lac in drum IUC, which gap is located slightly in advance ofthe master clamping means and'co'rrespnds'to gap I8 ofdrum l0, iorclaniping and'feeding of a blocking out sheet bysaid rolls. `Pull springs l urgeroll 22c to roll-2 l0, and roll 2 lc has a iinger Wheel 80a connected therewith similarly tovvheel 8ll"for` roll 2| of drum ID in the rst Vdescribed embodiment of the invention.

In those embodiments of the invention Wherein a spindle for a roll of blocking out material is provided, `a suitable means may be provided'for insuring against possible accidental rotationof the spindle. Such a means is shown in Figure 10 yand'comprises a spring arm 16 fixed at one end vto the drum at 'i8 and pressing adjacent the `free end `of thearm against spindle shaft 62 to provide a friction brake for the spindle. I

It Will be obvious that in those embodiments of the invention in which the drum carries la roll or spool of blocking out material, the web of such material may be many times as long as the oir- -cumference of the drum, and that, from time to timefas successive free endportions of `saidvveb become unsuitable -for use,A lthe `Worn f endportion `may-be cut or torn oit and the next succeeding y'portion of the web used for blockingout-purposes.

It`vvillbe noted that in various embodiments of the 'invention theblocking out material'is variably extensibleor feedablearondthedlrufm periphery-,1 and @hatineertain eIntraditients'byI the invention provision" is erinae *for variable feeding of the master into and out of the drum. It will also be noted that the embodiments of the invention shown provide means for effecting relative adjustments between the master and a blocking out element.

I claim: Y

l. In a liquid process duplicator, the combination of means for backing and holding a master for taking of copies therefrom, and means for supporting a roll of blocking out material for variable unreeling of said roll of material over a master held and backed by the first-mentioned means.

2. In a rotary duplicating machine of the liquid processtype, the combination of a drum and an'opposed counter pressure roll rotative to feed a copy sheet therebetween in pressure contact with a master carried by the drum, said drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, means for holding a master to the drum with at least a part of the master extending about the periphery of the'drum and backed thereby for taking of copies therefrom, and means for variably feeding a flexible block-out element through said gap over a master held to the drum and for holding said elementin different fed positions to rotate with the drum.

3. In a rotary duplicating machine of the liquid process type, the combination of a drum and an opposed counter pressure roll rotative to feed a copy sheet therebetween in pressure contact with a master carried by the drum, said drum having means for carrying a roll of block-out material for unreeling thereof variably at will around the kperiphery of the drum, and means for holding a master to the drum for variable coverage of the master by the block-out material.

4. `In a rotaryvduplicating machine of the liquid process type, the combination of a drum and an opposed counter pressure roll rotative to feed a copy sheet therebetween in pressure contact with a master carried by the drum, said drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, means on said drum for holding a flexible master to the drum and operable at will to feed the master variably into and outof the drum through said gap, and means on said drum for holding a flexible block-out element to the ldrum and operable at will to feed the block-out element variably into and out of the drum through said gap.

5. A master and block-out element carrying means for a rotary duplicator of the liquid process type comprising a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, a pair of master clamping and adjusting rolls carried by said drum within the drum opposite said gap and extending longitudinally of the drum, manually operable kmeans at one end of the drum for actuating said rolls to adjust a flexible master through said gap, a pair of rblock-out element clamping and adjusting rolls carried by said drum within the drum opposite said gap and extending longitudinally of the drum, and manually operable means at one end of the drum for actuating said block-out element clamping and adjusting rolls to adjust a fiexible block-out element through said gap.

6. A master and block-out element carrying means for a rotary duplicator of the liquid process type comprising a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, a pair of master clamping and adjusting rolls carried by and within the drum and extending longitudinally of the drum adjacent said gap, manually operable means at one end of the drum for actuating said rolls to adjust a flexible master through said gap, a spindle for a roll of flexible blockout material carried by and within the drum adjacent said gap, and means at one end of the drum for rotating said spindle to adjust through said gap block-out material wound on said spindle.

7. Master and block-out element carrying means for a duplicator of the liquid process type comprising a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, means carried by the drum for xedly clamping one end of a flexible master to said drum adjacent said gap with the master backed by the periphery of the drum, and means for supporting a roll of flexible block-out material within the drum adjacent said gap for variable unreeling of said material through said gap to cover selected parts of a master clamped by said clamping means.

8. Master and block-out element carrying means for a duplicator of the liquid process type comprising a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, means carried by the drum for i'lxedly clamping one end of a flexible master to the drum with the master backed by the periphery of the drum, a pair of clamping and adjusting rolls carried by and within the drum adjacent said gap for reception therebetween of a flexible blocking out element for the master extending through said gap, and means at one end of the drum for actuating said rolls to variably adjust such blocking out element through said gap.

9. In a liquid process duplicating machine, the combination of a rotatively mounted drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, a pressure roll coactive with the drum, said drum being rotative in one directiony to feed a copy sheet between the drum and pressureA roll for taking a copy from a master backed and carried by the drum, Copy sheet feeding and moistening means variably settable for delivery of one moistened copy sheet into the bight ofthe drum and pressure roll per revolution of the drum and at a time when said gap is located at any selected point around the axis of the drum, and a spool of flexible blocking-out material carried by and within the drum adjacent said gap with said spool extending longitudinally of the drum for variable unreeling of said material at will through said gap.

10. Master carrying and blocking out means for a rotary duplicator of the liquid process type comprising, in combination, a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, two pairs of rolls carried by the drum within the drum and extending longitudinally of the drum substantially opposite said gap, means supporting one roll of each pair for rotation about a fixed` axis, independent means for each of the last-mentioned rolls manually operable at will to rotate said rolls independently of each other, independent shiftable supporting means mounted on the drum journalling the remaining two rolls for bodily movementV of the latter independently toward and from their companion rolls, and a resilient means connecting the shiftable supporting means for the bodilymovable rolls to constantly urge each said roll to its companion roll, said pairs of rolls being adapted to clamp respectively a master and a block-out sheet therefor and being operable independently to feed a clamped master and a clamped block-out sheet through the gap in the drum. n

1l. Master carrying and blocking out means for a rotary duplicator of the liquid process type comprising, in combination, a drum having a gap therein extending longitudinally thereof, means for holding a master to said drum for backing of the master by the drum, a pair or rotative rolls carried by and within the drum adjacent said gap and extending longitudinally of the drum, means for yieldingly urging said rolls to each other to clamp a block-out sheet extending through said gap in the drum, and means operable at will to actuate said rolls for variable feeding into and out of the drum of a block-out sheet clamped by said rolls.

12. A rotary duplicator having a master element backing drum and means to hold a master element to rotate with the drum with at least a portion of said master element backed by the periphery of the drum with a copyable face of said backed portion of the master element exposed for the taking of copies therefrom, the combination with said drum and said master element holding means of means to adjustably project and retract a Iblocking out element over the exposed face of the backed portion of the master element circumferentally of the drum to vary the linear extent to which said blocking out element will overlap said exposed face of the backed portion of the master element circumferentially of the drum.

. CHARLES H. BRADT. 

